The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) is Spainās largest public research institution and one of the leading scientific organisations in Europe. Established in 1939, CSIC carries out multidisciplinary research across a broad range of fields, including the natural sciences, engineering, health sciences, social sciences and the humanities. Through its extensive network of research centres and institutes in Spain and abroad, CSIC plays a central role in advancing scientific knowledge, promoting technological innovation, and contributing to social, economic and cultural development through research excellence and international collaboration.